The Evolution of Thanksgiving: Turkey’s Rise to Prominence

Thanksgiving, a holiday steeped in tradition and history, is synonymous with a hearty meal featuring a roasted turkey at its center. However, this wasn’t always the case. The evolution of Thanksgiving and the rise of turkey to its prominent position is a fascinating tale that intertwines culture, history, and culinary preferences. Let’s delve into the journey of how turkey replaced roast beef as the main dish for American families’ Thanksgiving dinners, why it was chosen over other meats, and who first served a turkey on this special day.

The First Thanksgiving

The first Thanksgiving was celebrated in 1621 by the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag Indians to give thanks for a successful harvest. According to historical accounts, the feast likely included venison, fish, and fowl. However, there’s no specific mention of turkey being part of this meal.

Why Turkey?

So, when and why did turkey become the centerpiece of the Thanksgiving meal? There are several theories. One is that turkeys were abundant and large enough to feed a family. They were also not used for eggs or milk like chickens or cows, making them a practical choice for a feast.

Another theory points to the influence of a letter written by Sarah Josepha Hale, the editor of a popular women’s magazine in the 19th century. She wrote a letter to President Abraham Lincoln in 1863, urging him to declare Thanksgiving a national holiday. In her letter, she included a description of a Thanksgiving feast featuring a roasted turkey. This could have influenced the association of turkey with Thanksgiving.

Who First Served Turkey?

It’s hard to pinpoint exactly who first served turkey on Thanksgiving. However, it’s likely that it became more common as Thanksgiving traditions evolved and the holiday became more commercialized in the 20th century. The affordability and availability of turkeys during the fall season also contributed to its popularity.

Turkey’s Rise to Prominence

By the mid-20th century, turkey had firmly established its place at the Thanksgiving table. The advent of modern farming techniques made turkey more accessible and affordable for the average American family. Additionally, the size of a turkey made it ideal for a large family gathering, and its relatively neutral flavor made it a perfect canvas for a variety of stuffing and side dishes.

In conclusion, the rise of turkey to prominence in the Thanksgiving meal is a result of practicality, tradition, and cultural influences. Today, it’s hard to imagine a Thanksgiving meal without a golden, roasted turkey at its center, symbolizing abundance, gratitude, and the spirit of sharing.

References

• Appel, Jacob M. “Why Do We Eat Turkey on Thanksgiving?” Mental Floss, 25 Nov. 2020.
• Stradley, Linda. “History of Thanksgiving Turkey.” What’s Cooking America, 19 Nov. 2019.